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The Anatomy and Histology of the Normal Rabbit Eye with Special Reference to the Ciliary Zone

L. BENJAMIN SHEPPARD, M.D.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1962;67(1):87. doi:10.1001/archopht.1962.00960020089010.
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Retinoscopic examinations showed average readings without dilatation +3.50, with 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride dilatation +4.00, and with atropine dilatation +4.00. Other observers have demonstrated some degree of accommodation on stimulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves supplying the globe.18
When the dissecting microscope is used, best results are obtained when eyes have been previously placed in 10% formalin solution for 1-2 weeks.
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Part II, 19:481, 1936
Part III, 19:583, 1936.
Prince, J. H.; Diesem, C. D.; Eglitis, I., and Ruskell, G. L.: Anatomy and Histology of the Eye and Orbit in Domestic Animals , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1960;.
Bensley, B. A.: Practical Anatomy of the Rabbit , Ed. 8, revised by E. Horne Craigie, New York, The Blakiston Company, Division of McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1948;.
Davis, F. A.:  Anatomy and Histology of the Eye and Orbit of the Rabbit , Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc. 27:401, 1929;.
Duke-Elder, W. S.: Text-Book of Ophthalmology , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1939;, Vol. 1.
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Walls, G. L.: The Vertebrate Eye and Its Adaptive Radiations , Bloomfield Hills, Mich., Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bull. No. 19 (Aug.) 1942;.
Sheppard, L. B.:  Comparative Effects of Cycloelectrolysis Versus Cyclodiathermy in the Normal Rabbit Eye , Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc. 54:655, 1956;.
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Teng, C. C, and Katzin, H. M.:  The Basement Membrane of Corneal Epithelium: A Preliminary Report , Amer. J. Ophthal. 36:895, 1953;.
Wolter, J. R.:  Innervation of the Corneal Endothelium of the Eye of the Rabbit , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 58:246, 1957;.
Zander, E., and Weddell, G.:  Observations on the Innervation of the Cornea , J. Anat. 85:68, 1951;.
Langworthy, O. R., and Ortega, L.:  The Iris: Innervation of the Iris of the Albino Rabbit as Related to Its Function: Theoretical Discussion of Abnormalities of the Pupils Observed in Man , Medicine 22:287, 1943;.
Vilstrup, G.: Studies on the Choroid Circulation , translated by H. Andersen, Copenhagen, Ejnar Munksgaard, 1952;.
Vilstrup, G:  Does the Choroid Take Part in the Formation of the Aqueous Humor? Acta Ophthal. (Kbh.) 30:167, 1952;.
Vilstrup, G:  Studies on the Vascular Capacity and Tissue Fluid Content of the Choroid and Their Variations Under Treatment with Histamine , Acta Ophthal. (Kbh.) 30:173, 1952;.
Polyak, S. L.: The Vertebrate Visual System , edited by Heinrick Klüver, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1957;.
Morgan, M. W., Jr.; Olmsted, T. M. D., and Watrous, W. G:  Sympathetic Action in Accommodation for Far Vision , Amer. J. Physiol. 128:588, 1940;.
Kinsey, V. E., and Bárány, E.:  The Rate of Flow of Aqueous Humor: II. Derivation of Rate of Flow and Its Physiologic Significance , Amer. J. Ophthal. 32:189 ( (Part II) ) 1949;.
Davson, H.:  Some Problems Concerning the Formation and Circulation of the Aqueous Humour , Brit. Med. Bull. 9:5, 1953;.
Friedenwald, J. S.:  The Formation of the Intraocular Fluid , Amer. J. Ophthal. 32:9 ( (Part II) ) 1949;.
Kinsey, V. E., and Grant, W. M.:  The Mechanism of Aqueous Humor Formation Inferred from Chemical Studies of Blood-Aqueous Humor Dynamics , J. Gen. Physiol. 26:131, 1942;.
Kinsey, V. E.:  Transfer of Ascorbic Acid and Related Compounds Across the Blood-Aqueous Barrier , Amer. J. Ophthal. 30:1262, 1947;.
Langham, M. E.:  Aqueous Humor and Control of Intra-Ocular Pressure , Physiol. Rev. 38:215, 1958;.
Troncoso, M. U.:  Microanatomy of the Eye with the Slitlamp Microscope: II. Comparative Anatomy of the Ciliary Body, Zonula and Related Structures in Mammalia , Amer. J. Ophthal. 25:1, 1942;.
Pappas, G. D., and Smelser, G. K.:  Studies on the Ciliary Epithelium and the Zonule: I. Electron Microscope Observations on Changes Induced by Alteration of Normal Aqueous Humor Formation in the Rabbit , Amer. J. Ophthal. 46: 299 ( (Part II) ) 1958;.
Arey, L. B.: Developmental Anatomy , Ed. 5, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1946;.
Fontana, F.:  Traité sur le venin de la vipére , Florence , 1781;, Vol. II, pp. 267-269.
Schlemm, F.:  Über einen kreisförmigen dünnhäutigen Kanal in der Verbindungstelle von Sclerotica und Cornea im menschlichen Auge , Z. Ges. Ophthal. 1:543, 1831;
Rust's Theoretisch praktischen Handbuch der Chirurgie , 1830;,  Chap. 3 .
Rouget, C.:  Note sur la structure de l'oeil, et en particulier sur l'appareil irio-choroidien , C.R. Soc. Biol. 18:113, 1856;.
Troncoso, M. U.:  The Intrascleral Vascular Plexus and Its Relations to the Aqueous Outflow , Amer. J. Ophthal. 25:1153, 1942;.
Troncoso, M. U.:  The Physiologic Nature of the Schlemm Canal , Amer. J. Ophthal. 4:321, 1921;.
Greaves, D. P., and Perkins, E. S.:  Aqueous Veins in Rabbits , Brit. J. Ophthal. 35:119, 1951;
Greaves, D. P., and Perkins, E. S.:  Influence of the Sympathetic Nervous System on the Intra-Ocular Pressure and Vascular Circulation of the Eye , Brit. J. Ophthal. 36:258, 1952;.
Grimes, P., and von Sallmann, L.:  Comparative Anatomy of the Ciliary Nerves , Arch. Ophthal. 64:81, 1960;.
Mohney, J. B.; Morgan, M. W., Jr.; Olmsted, J. M. D., and Wagman, I. H.:  The Pathway of Sympathetic Nerves to the Ciliary Muscles in the Eye , Amer. J. Physiol. 135:759, 1942;.

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