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January 1984, Vol 102, No. 1 >
ARTICLE | January 1984

Topical Treatment of Experimental Herpes Simplex Keratouveitis With 2′-O-glycylacyclovir: Title and subTitle BreakA Water-Soluble Ester of Acyclovir FREE

Prabhat C. Maudgal, MD, DSc; Krik De Clercq, MD, PhD; Johan Descamps, DSc; Luc Missotten, MD, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Feb 16, 1983.

Reprint requests to the Eye Research Laboratory, Ophthalmological Clinic, A. Z. St Rafael, Kapucijnenvoer 35, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium (Dr Maudgal).

This investigation was supported in part by grants from the Belgian Fonds voor Geneeskundig Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Krediet 3.0048.75), the Geconcerteerde Onderzoeksacties (Conventie 76/81-IV), and the Onderzoeksfonds Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Conventie OT/ VII/37).

Roger Busson, DSc, and Hubert Vanderhaeghe, PhD, synthesized the bromovinyldeoxyuridine.


Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102(1):140-142. doi:10.1001/archopht.1984.01040030118049
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References
Comments

• 2′-O-glycylacyclovir, a water-soluble ester derivative of acyclovir, has proved efficacious in the topical treatment of epithelial and stromal herpes simplex keratitis, and iritis therewith associated, when administered as a 1% eyedrop formulation to rabbits.

REFERENCES

1 +
Schaeffer HJ, Beauchamp L, De Miranda P, et al:  9-(2-Hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine activity against viruses of the herpes group . Nature 1978;;272:583-585.
2 +
De Clercq E, Descamps J, Verhelst G, et al:  Comparative efficacy of different antiherpes drugs against different strains of herpes simplex virus . J Infect Dis 1980;;141:563-574.
3 +
Kaufman HE, Varnell ED, Centifanto YM, et al:  Effect of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine on herpesvirus-induced keratitis and iritis in rabbit . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1978;; 14:842-845.
4 +
Pavan-Langston D, Campbell R, Lass J:  Acyclic antimetabolite therapy of experimental herpes simplex keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;;86:618-623.
5 +
Bauer DJ, Collins P, Tucker NE, et al:  Treatment of experimental herpes simplex keratitis with acycloguanosine . Br J Ophthalmol 1979;;63:429-435.
6 +
Shiota H, Inoue S, Yamane S:  Efficacy of acycloguanosine against herpetic ulcers in rabbit cornea . Br J Ophthalmol 1979;;63:425-428.
7 +
Oosterhuis JA, Versteeg J, Kruit PJ, et al:  Acyclovir treatment in experimental herpetic keratitis in rabbits . Ophthalmic Res 1980;;12:38-44.
8 +
Jones BR, Coster DJ, Fison PN, et al:  Efficacy of acycloguanosine (Wellcome 248U) against herpes simplex corneal ulcers . Lancet 1979;;1:243-244.
9 +
Coster DJ, Wilhelmus KR, Michaud R, et al:  A comparison of acyclovir and idoxuridine as treatment for ulcerative herpetic keratitis . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;;64:763-765.
10 +
Jones BR, Coster DJ, Michaud R, et al:  Acyclovir (Zovirax) in the management of herpetic keratitis , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 295-301.
11 +
Collum LMT, Benedict-Smith A, Hillary IB:  Randomised double-blind trial of acyclovir and idoxuridine in dendritic corneal ulceration . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;;64:766-769.
12 +
McGill J, Tormey P, Walker C:  The clinical use of acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex corneal ulceration , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 318-322.
13 +
Nesburn AB, Trousdale MD:  Treatment of acute and chronic ocular herpes infection with acyclovir , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 309-312.
14 +
Lass JH, Pavan-Langston D, Park NH:  Acycloguanosine and corneal wound healing . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;;18( (suppl) ):57.
15 +
Shiota H, Ogawa T, Yamane S:  Studies of acyclovir and ara-AMP against herpetic keratitis in rabbits , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 315-318.
16 +
Elion GB, Furman PA, Fyfe JA, et al:  Selectivity of action of an antiherpetic agent, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977;;74:5716-5720.
17 +
Furman PA, St Clair MH, Fyfe JA, et al:  Inhibition of herpes simplex virus-induced DNA polymerase activity and viral DNA replication by 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine and its triphosphate . J Virol 1979;;32:72-77.
18 +
Fyfe JA, Keller PM, Furman PA, et al:  Thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus phosphorylates the new antiviral compound, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine . J Biol Chem 1978;;253:8721-8727.
19 +
Colla L, De Clercq E, Busson R, et al:  Synthesis and antiviral activity of water-soluble esters of acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine] . J Med Chem 1983;;26:602-604.
20 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et at:  Comparative evaluation of BVDU ([E]-5-[2bromovinyl]-2′-deoxyuridine) and IDU (5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine) in the treatment of experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits . Bull Soc Belge Ophthalmol 1979;;186:109-118.
21 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et al:  (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in the treatment of experimental herpes simplex keratitis . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1980;;17:8-12.
22 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et al:  Experimental stromal herpes simplex keratitis: Influence of treatment with topical bromovinyldeoxyuridine and trifluridine . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;;100:653-656.
23 +
Maudgal PC, Uyttebroeck W, De Clercq E, et al:  Oral and topical treatment of experimental herpes simplex iritis with bromovinyldeoxyuridine . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;;100:1337-1340.
24 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et al:  Efficacy of E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in the topical treatment of herpetic keratitis in rabbits and man , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 339-341.
25 +
Maudgal PC, Missotten L, De Clercq E, et al:  Efficacy of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in the topical treatment of herpes simplex keratitis . Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1981;;216:268.
26 +
Jones AS, Verhelst G, Walker RT:  The synthesis of the potent antiherpes virus agent, E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine and related compounds . Tetrahedron Lett 1979;;45:4415-4418.
27 +
McNeill JI, Kaufman HE:  Local antivirals in a herpes simplex stromal keratitis model . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;;97:727-729.
28 +
Varnell ED, Kaufman HE:  Antiviral agents in experimental herpetic stromal disease , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 303-308.

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1 +
Schaeffer HJ, Beauchamp L, De Miranda P, et al:  9-(2-Hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine activity against viruses of the herpes group . Nature 1978;;272:583-585.
2 +
De Clercq E, Descamps J, Verhelst G, et al:  Comparative efficacy of different antiherpes drugs against different strains of herpes simplex virus . J Infect Dis 1980;;141:563-574.
3 +
Kaufman HE, Varnell ED, Centifanto YM, et al:  Effect of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine on herpesvirus-induced keratitis and iritis in rabbit . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1978;; 14:842-845.
4 +
Pavan-Langston D, Campbell R, Lass J:  Acyclic antimetabolite therapy of experimental herpes simplex keratitis . Am J Ophthalmol 1978;;86:618-623.
5 +
Bauer DJ, Collins P, Tucker NE, et al:  Treatment of experimental herpes simplex keratitis with acycloguanosine . Br J Ophthalmol 1979;;63:429-435.
6 +
Shiota H, Inoue S, Yamane S:  Efficacy of acycloguanosine against herpetic ulcers in rabbit cornea . Br J Ophthalmol 1979;;63:425-428.
7 +
Oosterhuis JA, Versteeg J, Kruit PJ, et al:  Acyclovir treatment in experimental herpetic keratitis in rabbits . Ophthalmic Res 1980;;12:38-44.
8 +
Jones BR, Coster DJ, Fison PN, et al:  Efficacy of acycloguanosine (Wellcome 248U) against herpes simplex corneal ulcers . Lancet 1979;;1:243-244.
9 +
Coster DJ, Wilhelmus KR, Michaud R, et al:  A comparison of acyclovir and idoxuridine as treatment for ulcerative herpetic keratitis . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;;64:763-765.
10 +
Jones BR, Coster DJ, Michaud R, et al:  Acyclovir (Zovirax) in the management of herpetic keratitis , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 295-301.
11 +
Collum LMT, Benedict-Smith A, Hillary IB:  Randomised double-blind trial of acyclovir and idoxuridine in dendritic corneal ulceration . Br J Ophthalmol 1980;;64:766-769.
12 +
McGill J, Tormey P, Walker C:  The clinical use of acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex corneal ulceration , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 318-322.
13 +
Nesburn AB, Trousdale MD:  Treatment of acute and chronic ocular herpes infection with acyclovir , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 309-312.
14 +
Lass JH, Pavan-Langston D, Park NH:  Acycloguanosine and corneal wound healing . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1979;;18( (suppl) ):57.
15 +
Shiota H, Ogawa T, Yamane S:  Studies of acyclovir and ara-AMP against herpetic keratitis in rabbits , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 315-318.
16 +
Elion GB, Furman PA, Fyfe JA, et al:  Selectivity of action of an antiherpetic agent, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977;;74:5716-5720.
17 +
Furman PA, St Clair MH, Fyfe JA, et al:  Inhibition of herpes simplex virus-induced DNA polymerase activity and viral DNA replication by 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine and its triphosphate . J Virol 1979;;32:72-77.
18 +
Fyfe JA, Keller PM, Furman PA, et al:  Thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus phosphorylates the new antiviral compound, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine . J Biol Chem 1978;;253:8721-8727.
19 +
Colla L, De Clercq E, Busson R, et al:  Synthesis and antiviral activity of water-soluble esters of acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine] . J Med Chem 1983;;26:602-604.
20 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et at:  Comparative evaluation of BVDU ([E]-5-[2bromovinyl]-2′-deoxyuridine) and IDU (5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine) in the treatment of experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits . Bull Soc Belge Ophthalmol 1979;;186:109-118.
21 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et al:  (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in the treatment of experimental herpes simplex keratitis . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1980;;17:8-12.
22 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et al:  Experimental stromal herpes simplex keratitis: Influence of treatment with topical bromovinyldeoxyuridine and trifluridine . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;;100:653-656.
23 +
Maudgal PC, Uyttebroeck W, De Clercq E, et al:  Oral and topical treatment of experimental herpes simplex iritis with bromovinyldeoxyuridine . Arch Ophthalmol 1982;;100:1337-1340.
24 +
Maudgal PC, De Clercq E, Descamps J, et al:  Efficacy of E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in the topical treatment of herpetic keratitis in rabbits and man , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 339-341.
25 +
Maudgal PC, Missotten L, De Clercq E, et al:  Efficacy of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in the topical treatment of herpes simplex keratitis . Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1981;;216:268.
26 +
Jones AS, Verhelst G, Walker RT:  The synthesis of the potent antiherpes virus agent, E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine and related compounds . Tetrahedron Lett 1979;;45:4415-4418.
27 +
McNeill JI, Kaufman HE:  Local antivirals in a herpes simplex stromal keratitis model . Arch Ophthalmol 1979;;97:727-729.
28 +
Varnell ED, Kaufman HE:  Antiviral agents in experimental herpetic stromal disease , in Sundmacher R (ed): Herpetic Eye Diseases: International Symposium of the German Ophthalmological Society . Munich, JF Bergmann Verlag, 1981;, pp 303-308.

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