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December 1970, Vol 84, No. 6 >
ARTICLE | December 1970

The Chemotherapy of Herpes Iritis With Adenine Arabinoside and Cytarabine FREE

Herbert E. Kaufman, MD; Emily D. Ellison, ChE; William M. Townsend, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication May 28, 1970.

Reprint requests to Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla 32601 (Dr. Kaufman).


Arch Ophthalmol. 1970;84(6):783-787. doi:10.1001/archopht.1970.00990040785018
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Comments

Adenine arabinoside is an antiviral agent which is not incorporated into DNA, and which is not broken down into inactive compounds when administered systemically. It has an extremely low systemic toxicity in animals and is clearly effective against systemic herpes infection. In rabbits and monkeys the subconjunctival administration of this compound effectively reduces herpes simplex iritis. Cytarabine administered subconjunctivally also has some effect on herpes simplex iritis, and the two drugs may provide a desirable combination for future clinical testing.

REFERENCES

1 +
Buckley TF, MacCallum FO:  Herpes simplex virus encephalitis treated with idoxuridine . Brit Med J 2:419-420, 1967;.
2 +
Breeden CJ, Hall TC, Tyler HR:  Herpes simplex encephalitis treated with 5-Iodo-2′deoxyuridine . Ann Intern Med 65:1050-1056, 1966;.
3 +
Evans AD, Gray OP, Miller MH, et al:  Herpes simplex encephalitis treated with intravenous idoxuridine . Brit Med J 2:407-410, 1967;.
4 +
Marshall WJS:  Herpes simplex encephalitis treated with idoxuridine and external decompression . Lancet 2:579-580, 1967;.
5 +
Morris NR, Cramer JW:  DNA synthesis by mammalian cells inhibited in culture by 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine . Molec Pharmacol 2:1-9, 1966;.
6 +
Schabel FM Jr:  The anti-viral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (Ara-A) . Chemotherapy 13:321-338, 1968;.
7 +
Miller FA, Dixon GJ, Ehrlich J, et al:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: I. Cell culture studies . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 136-147.
8 +
Sidwell RW, Dixon GJ, Schabel FM Jr, et al:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: II. Activity against herpes simplex keratitis in hamsters . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 148-154.
9 +
Schardein JL, Sidwell RW:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: III. Reduction in evidence of encephalitis in treated herpes simplex-infected hamsters . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 155-160.
10 +
Sloan BJ, Miller FA, Ehrlich J, et al:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: IV. Activity against intracerebral herpes simplex virus infections in mice . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , pp 161-171, 1968;.
11 +
Cohen SS:  Introduction to the biochemistry of D-arabinosyl nucleosides , in Davidson JV, Cohn WE (eds): Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology . New York, Academic Press, 1966;, vol 5, pp 2-88.
12 +
Kurtz SM, Fisken RA, Kaump DH, et al:  Toxicity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine in mice and rabbits . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 180-189.
13 +
Witmer R, Iwamoto T:  Electron microscopic observation of herpes-like particles in the iris in herpes uveitis . Arch Ophthal 79:331-337, 1968;.
14 +
Patterson A, Somerville RG, Jones BR:  Herpetic keratouveitis with herpes virus antigen in the anterior chamber . Trans Ophthal Soc UK 88:243-249, 1968;.
15 +
Kaufman HE, Kanai A, Ellison ED: Herpetic iritis: Demonstration of virus in the anterior chamber. Amer J Ophthal, to be published.
16 +
Kaufman HE, Capella JA, Maloney ED, et al:  Corneal toxicity of cytosine arabinoside . Arch Ophthal 72:535-540, 1964;.
17 +
McKelvey EM, Kwaan HC:  Cytosine arabinoside therapy for disseminated herpes zoster in a patient with IgG pyro globulinemia . Blood 34:706-711, 1969;.

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1 +
Buckley TF, MacCallum FO:  Herpes simplex virus encephalitis treated with idoxuridine . Brit Med J 2:419-420, 1967;.
2 +
Breeden CJ, Hall TC, Tyler HR:  Herpes simplex encephalitis treated with 5-Iodo-2′deoxyuridine . Ann Intern Med 65:1050-1056, 1966;.
3 +
Evans AD, Gray OP, Miller MH, et al:  Herpes simplex encephalitis treated with intravenous idoxuridine . Brit Med J 2:407-410, 1967;.
4 +
Marshall WJS:  Herpes simplex encephalitis treated with idoxuridine and external decompression . Lancet 2:579-580, 1967;.
5 +
Morris NR, Cramer JW:  DNA synthesis by mammalian cells inhibited in culture by 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine . Molec Pharmacol 2:1-9, 1966;.
6 +
Schabel FM Jr:  The anti-viral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (Ara-A) . Chemotherapy 13:321-338, 1968;.
7 +
Miller FA, Dixon GJ, Ehrlich J, et al:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: I. Cell culture studies . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 136-147.
8 +
Sidwell RW, Dixon GJ, Schabel FM Jr, et al:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: II. Activity against herpes simplex keratitis in hamsters . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 148-154.
9 +
Schardein JL, Sidwell RW:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: III. Reduction in evidence of encephalitis in treated herpes simplex-infected hamsters . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 155-160.
10 +
Sloan BJ, Miller FA, Ehrlich J, et al:  Antiviral activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine: IV. Activity against intracerebral herpes simplex virus infections in mice . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , pp 161-171, 1968;.
11 +
Cohen SS:  Introduction to the biochemistry of D-arabinosyl nucleosides , in Davidson JV, Cohn WE (eds): Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology . New York, Academic Press, 1966;, vol 5, pp 2-88.
12 +
Kurtz SM, Fisken RA, Kaump DH, et al:  Toxicity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine in mice and rabbits . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 1968;, pp 180-189.
13 +
Witmer R, Iwamoto T:  Electron microscopic observation of herpes-like particles in the iris in herpes uveitis . Arch Ophthal 79:331-337, 1968;.
14 +
Patterson A, Somerville RG, Jones BR:  Herpetic keratouveitis with herpes virus antigen in the anterior chamber . Trans Ophthal Soc UK 88:243-249, 1968;.
15 +
Kaufman HE, Kanai A, Ellison ED: Herpetic iritis: Demonstration of virus in the anterior chamber. Amer J Ophthal, to be published.
16 +
Kaufman HE, Capella JA, Maloney ED, et al:  Corneal toxicity of cytosine arabinoside . Arch Ophthal 72:535-540, 1964;.
17 +
McKelvey EM, Kwaan HC:  Cytosine arabinoside therapy for disseminated herpes zoster in a patient with IgG pyro globulinemia . Blood 34:706-711, 1969;.

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