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September 1978, Vol 96, No. 9 >
ARTICLE | September 1978

The Structural Basis of Altered Vascular Permeability Following Intraocular Inflammation FREE

Edward L. Howes, Jr, MD; Virginia K. Cruse
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Feb 6, 1978.

Reprint requests to Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110 (Dr Howes).


Arch Ophthalmol. 1978;96(9):1668-1676. doi:10.1001/archopht.1978.03910060294024
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• An immunogenic uveitis was produced in rabbits by the intravitreal injection of bovine γ-globulin. Four to six months later, an alteration in vascular permeability was determined by greater accumulation of iodinated l 125 serum albumin in the previously inflamed eye than in the normal eye. An altered vascular permeability was found only in eyes with profound structural changes. Possible sites of extravascular protein leakage were: (1) proliferated blood vessels in the posterior chamber and vitreous; and (2) leakage through the disrupted and scarred ciliary epithelium. In eyes without evidence of altered vascular permeability, a persistent chronic inflammation was observed, and gliosis and chorioretinal scarring was prominent.

REFERENCES

1 +
Aronson SB, Fish MB, Pollycove M, et al:  Altered vascular permeability in ocular inflammatory disease . Arch Ophthalmol 85:455-466, 1971;.
2 +
Gamble CN, Aronson SB, Brescia FB:  Experimental uveitis: I. The production of recurrent immunologic (Auer) uveitis and its relationship to increased vascular permeability . Arch Ophthalmol 84:321-330, 1970;.
3 +
Gamble CN, Aronson SB, Brescia FB:  Experimental uveitis: II. The pathogenesis of recurrent immunologic (Auer) uveitis . Arch Ophthalmol 84:331-341, 1970;.
4 +
Nozik RA, O'Connor GR:  Studies of experimental ocular toxoplasmosis in the rabbit: III. Recurrent inflammation stimulated by systemic administration of antilymphocyte serum and normal horse serum . Arch Ophthalmol 85:718-722, 1971;.
5 +
Hogan MJ, Kimura SJ, Thygeson P:  Signs and symptoms of uveitis: I. Anterior uveitis . Am J Ophthalmol 47:155-170, 1959;.
6 +
Kimura SJ, Thygeson P, Hogan MJ:  Signs and symptoms of uveitis: II. Classification of the posterior manifestations of uveitis . Am J Ophthalmol 47:171-176, 1959;.
7 +
Jensen PR, Aronson SB, Pollycove M, et al:  Mechanisms of host response in the eye: III. Interocular protein transfer . Arch Ophthalmol 77:814-817, 1967;.
8 +
Fish MB, Aronson SB, Pollycove M, et al:  Ocular blood volume . Arch Ophthalmol 82:377-380, 1969;.
9 +
Howes EL Jr, Aronson SB, McKay DG:  Ocular vascular permeability: Effects of systemic administration of bacterial endotoxin . Arch Ophthalmol 84:360-367, 1970;.
10 +
Smith RS:  Ultrastructural studies of the blood-aqueous barrier: I. Transport of an electron dense tracer in the iris and ciliary body of the mouse . Am J Ophthalmol 71:1066-1077, 1971;.
11 +
Smith RE, Farquhar MG:  Preparation of thick sections for cytochemistry and electron microscopy by a non-freezing technique . Nature 200:691, 1973;.
12 +
Graham RC, Karnovsky MJ:  The early stages of absorption of injected horseradish peroxidase in the proximal tubule of mouse kidney: Ultrastructural cytochemistry by a new technique . J Histochem Cytochem 14:291-302, 1966;.
13 +
Karnovsky MJ:  The ultrastructural basis of capillary permeability studied with peroxidase as a tracer .J Cell Biol 35:213-236, 1967;.
14 +
Silverstein AM, Welter S, Zimmerman LE:  A progressive immunization reaction in the actively sensitized rabbit eye . J Immunol 86:312-323, 1961;.
15 +
Foss B:  Experimental anaphylactic iridocyclitis . Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand (A) , (suppl 81) , 1949;, pp 1-28.
16 +
Clementi F, Palade GE:  Intestinal capillaries: I. Permeability to peroxidase and ferritin . J Cell Biol 41:33-58, 1969;.
17 +
Cotran RS, Karnovsky MJ:  Vascular leakage induced by horseradish peroxidase in the rat . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 126:557-561, 1967;.
18 +
Schoefl GI:  Studies on inflammation: III. Growing capillaries: Their structure and permeability . Virchows Arch Path Anat 337:99-141, 1963;.
19 +
Allansmith MR, Whitney CR, McClellan BA, et al:  Immunoglobulins in the human eye: Location, type, and amount . Arch Ophthalmol 89:36-45, 1973;.
20 +
Vegge T, Newfield AH, Sears ML:  Morphology of the breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in the ciliary processes of the rabbit eye after prostaglandin E , Invest Ophthalmol 14:33-36, 1975;.
21 +
Pedersen OO:  The permeability of the rabbit ciliary epithelium to horseradish peroxidase in experimental uveitis: An electron microscopic study . Acta Ophthalmol 52:659-677, 1974;.
22 +
Smith RS, Rudt LA:  Ultrastructural studies of the blood aqueous barrier: II. The barrier to horseradish peroxidase in primates . Am J Ophthalmol 76:937-947, 1973;.
23 +
Raviola G;  Effects of paracentesis on the blood-aqueous barrier: An electron microscope study on Macaca mulatta using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer . Invest Ophthalmol 13:828-858, 1974;.
24 +
Duke-Elder S, Dobree JH:  Detachment and folding of the retina , in Duke-Elder S (ed): Diseases of the Retina , vol 10, Systems of Ophthalmology. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1967;, chap 7.
25 +
Zimmerman LE, Silverstein AM:  Experimental ocular hypersensitivity: Histopathologic changes observed in rabbits receiving a single injection of antigen into the vitreous . Am J Ophthalmol 48:447-465, 1959;.
26 +
Bito LZ:  The effects of experimental uveitis on anterior uveal prostaglandin transport and aqueous humor composition . Invest Ophthalmol 13:959-972, 1974;.
27 +
Aaberg TM, Cesarz TJ, Flickinger RR:  Treatment of peripheral uveoretinitis by cryotherapy . Am J Opthalmol 75:685-688, 1973;.

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1 +
Aronson SB, Fish MB, Pollycove M, et al:  Altered vascular permeability in ocular inflammatory disease . Arch Ophthalmol 85:455-466, 1971;.
2 +
Gamble CN, Aronson SB, Brescia FB:  Experimental uveitis: I. The production of recurrent immunologic (Auer) uveitis and its relationship to increased vascular permeability . Arch Ophthalmol 84:321-330, 1970;.
3 +
Gamble CN, Aronson SB, Brescia FB:  Experimental uveitis: II. The pathogenesis of recurrent immunologic (Auer) uveitis . Arch Ophthalmol 84:331-341, 1970;.
4 +
Nozik RA, O'Connor GR:  Studies of experimental ocular toxoplasmosis in the rabbit: III. Recurrent inflammation stimulated by systemic administration of antilymphocyte serum and normal horse serum . Arch Ophthalmol 85:718-722, 1971;.
5 +
Hogan MJ, Kimura SJ, Thygeson P:  Signs and symptoms of uveitis: I. Anterior uveitis . Am J Ophthalmol 47:155-170, 1959;.
6 +
Kimura SJ, Thygeson P, Hogan MJ:  Signs and symptoms of uveitis: II. Classification of the posterior manifestations of uveitis . Am J Ophthalmol 47:171-176, 1959;.
7 +
Jensen PR, Aronson SB, Pollycove M, et al:  Mechanisms of host response in the eye: III. Interocular protein transfer . Arch Ophthalmol 77:814-817, 1967;.
8 +
Fish MB, Aronson SB, Pollycove M, et al:  Ocular blood volume . Arch Ophthalmol 82:377-380, 1969;.
9 +
Howes EL Jr, Aronson SB, McKay DG:  Ocular vascular permeability: Effects of systemic administration of bacterial endotoxin . Arch Ophthalmol 84:360-367, 1970;.
10 +
Smith RS:  Ultrastructural studies of the blood-aqueous barrier: I. Transport of an electron dense tracer in the iris and ciliary body of the mouse . Am J Ophthalmol 71:1066-1077, 1971;.
11 +
Smith RE, Farquhar MG:  Preparation of thick sections for cytochemistry and electron microscopy by a non-freezing technique . Nature 200:691, 1973;.
12 +
Graham RC, Karnovsky MJ:  The early stages of absorption of injected horseradish peroxidase in the proximal tubule of mouse kidney: Ultrastructural cytochemistry by a new technique . J Histochem Cytochem 14:291-302, 1966;.
13 +
Karnovsky MJ:  The ultrastructural basis of capillary permeability studied with peroxidase as a tracer .J Cell Biol 35:213-236, 1967;.
14 +
Silverstein AM, Welter S, Zimmerman LE:  A progressive immunization reaction in the actively sensitized rabbit eye . J Immunol 86:312-323, 1961;.
15 +
Foss B:  Experimental anaphylactic iridocyclitis . Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand (A) , (suppl 81) , 1949;, pp 1-28.
16 +
Clementi F, Palade GE:  Intestinal capillaries: I. Permeability to peroxidase and ferritin . J Cell Biol 41:33-58, 1969;.
17 +
Cotran RS, Karnovsky MJ:  Vascular leakage induced by horseradish peroxidase in the rat . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 126:557-561, 1967;.
18 +
Schoefl GI:  Studies on inflammation: III. Growing capillaries: Their structure and permeability . Virchows Arch Path Anat 337:99-141, 1963;.
19 +
Allansmith MR, Whitney CR, McClellan BA, et al:  Immunoglobulins in the human eye: Location, type, and amount . Arch Ophthalmol 89:36-45, 1973;.
20 +
Vegge T, Newfield AH, Sears ML:  Morphology of the breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in the ciliary processes of the rabbit eye after prostaglandin E , Invest Ophthalmol 14:33-36, 1975;.
21 +
Pedersen OO:  The permeability of the rabbit ciliary epithelium to horseradish peroxidase in experimental uveitis: An electron microscopic study . Acta Ophthalmol 52:659-677, 1974;.
22 +
Smith RS, Rudt LA:  Ultrastructural studies of the blood aqueous barrier: II. The barrier to horseradish peroxidase in primates . Am J Ophthalmol 76:937-947, 1973;.
23 +
Raviola G;  Effects of paracentesis on the blood-aqueous barrier: An electron microscope study on Macaca mulatta using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer . Invest Ophthalmol 13:828-858, 1974;.
24 +
Duke-Elder S, Dobree JH:  Detachment and folding of the retina , in Duke-Elder S (ed): Diseases of the Retina , vol 10, Systems of Ophthalmology. St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1967;, chap 7.
25 +
Zimmerman LE, Silverstein AM:  Experimental ocular hypersensitivity: Histopathologic changes observed in rabbits receiving a single injection of antigen into the vitreous . Am J Ophthalmol 48:447-465, 1959;.
26 +
Bito LZ:  The effects of experimental uveitis on anterior uveal prostaglandin transport and aqueous humor composition . Invest Ophthalmol 13:959-972, 1974;.
27 +
Aaberg TM, Cesarz TJ, Flickinger RR:  Treatment of peripheral uveoretinitis by cryotherapy . Am J Opthalmol 75:685-688, 1973;.

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