TY  - JOUR
T1  - Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of small choroidal melanoma: Comparison with choroidal nevus
AU  - Shields CL, Kaliki S, Rojanaporn D, Ferenczy SR, Shields JA
Y1  - 2012/07/01
N1  - 10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1135
JO  - Archives of Ophthalmology
SP  - 850
EP  - 856
VL  - 130
IS  - 7
N2  - Objective 
                  To evaluate characteristics of small choroidal melanoma using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).Design 
                  Retrospective comparative analysis.Results 
                  Of 37 eyes with small choroidal melanoma imaged using EDI-OCT, the mean tumor thickness was 1025 μm by EDI-OCT compared with 2300 μm by ultrasonography. By EDI-OCT, choroidal features included optical shadowing in 36 (100%) and overlying choriocapillaris thinning in 37 (100%). Outer retinal features included shaggy photoreceptors in 18 (49%), as well as absence (structural loss) of photoreceptors in 9 (24%), inner segment–outer segment junction in 24 (65%), external limiting membrane in 16 (43%), outer nuclear layer in 6 (16%), and outer plexiform layer in 4 (11%). Inner retinal features included irregularity of inner nuclear layer in 3 (8%), inner plexiform layer in 3 (8%), ganglion cell layer in 3 (8%), and nerve fiber layer in 2 (5%). Also identified were subretinal fluid in 34 (92%), subretinal lipofuscin deposition in 35 (95%), and intraretinal edema in 6 (16%). Using EDI-OCT, a comparison with similar-sized choroidal nevus revealed that small choroidal melanoma showed increased tumor thickness, subretinal fluid, subretinal lipofuscin deposition, and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. Statistically significant EDI-OCT features for small choroidal melanoma included intraretinal edema (P = .003), shaggy photoreceptors or loss of photoreceptors (P = .005), loss of external limiting membrane (P = .008), loss of inner segment–outer segment junction (P = .02), irregularity of inner plexiform layer (P = .04), and irregularity of ganglion cell layer (P = .04) (t test and χ2 test). Shaggy photoreceptors were found overlying small choroidal melanoma in 18 (49%) but were not observed overlying choroidal nevus (P < .001).Conclusions 
                  Small choroidal melanoma tumor thickness was overestimated by 55% on ultrasonography compared with EDI-OCT. The EDI-OCT features of small choroidal melanoma compared with choroidal nevus include increased tumor thickness, subretinal fluid, subretinal lipofuscin deposition, and retinal irregularities, including shaggy photoreceptors.
SN  - 0003-9950
M3  - doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1135
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1135
ER  -